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L t e e h S F t e e h S 2 S M 0 I S .L \J L e d o M 0 N APPARATUS FORDYEING.

No. 318,144. Patented May 18, 1885 O O O O O O O O r M mm v. A h M W M7W N. PETERS. Pkwloliihcgrzpher. Wahlngian, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IXVAN SIMONIS, OF VERVIERS, BELGIUM.

APPARATUS FOR DYEING.

SPECIFICATION fcrming part of Letters Patent No. 318,144, dated May 19,1885.

Application filed July 8, 1884. (No model.) Patented in Belgium December26, 1883, No. 63,661, and in France January 9, 188-1,

7 No. 159,627. a

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, IWAN SIMoNIs, residing at Verviers, in the Kingdomof Belgium, have invented new and useful improvements in the method ofdyeing textile materials, and in apparatus employed for that purpose,(for which I have obtained patent in Belgium, hearing date December 26,1883, N 0. 63,661, and in France, bearing date January 9, 188%,No.159,627,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in apparatus for dye ing textiles.

The following description will enable persons acquainted with this kindof textile machinery to use the invention:

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of an apparatusembodying my invention and intended for dyeing textile materials in theraw state. It also shows the masonry of the hearth serving to heat theliquid dye. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the principal parts of theapparatus. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of an apparatus embodying myinvention, and serving to dye textile material in the shape of bobbins.It also shows the masonry of the fire-place serving to heat the liquid.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the principal parts of the apparatusshown in Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 show details and modifications, aswill be hereinafter described.

The apparatus illustrated by Fig. 1 comprises a cylindrical boiler, A,of metal, the bottom, B, of which is situated over a hearth orfire-place, C. The flames rising up from the hearth come in contact withthe bottom of the boiler, and are then led through the fines c to thechimney. In the interior of this boiler A, and a few centimeters aboveits bottom, I arrange a frame consisting of rectangular posts a a,provided with eyelets b b, and connected at the upper end by cross-barsd d, bolted to the said posts. The exterior posts a a are furtherconnected with each other at their lower ends by segments ee, made ofhoop iron or brass,while the inner posts, a a, are connected with afalse perforated bottom, D, (held by the cross-bars (1,) and with avertical tube, E, by means of recesses arranged in the lower flange,f,of the tube E, which is bent at a right angle, the said posts aa beingheld in the recesses.

The flange-f may be fixed in a suitable manner to the false bottom D.The inner posts,a. a, are also connected with the vertical tube E by acircle, F, and the circle F, the tube E, and the posts a a may beconnected together by means of bolts with countersunk heads. (Notshown.)

In the interior of the vertical tube E, which is in direct communicationwith the bottom of the boiler, is arranged a central tube,G-, having adiameter a few centimeters smaller than that of the latter; This smalltube G is connected with the tube E by means of U-shaped sheetironplates, 0', which may be riveted to the two tubes. The upper opening ofthe tube G is provided with a funnel, H, which may be removable orfixed, and the upper end of which is widened to a diameter at leastequal to that of the tube E.

A perforated cover, I, which may be provided with handles for liftingthe same, is placed on the textile material, and has for its object amore uniform distribution of the coloring-liquid poured on the saidmaterial.

A pipe, J, provided at the upper end with a funnel, K, and situatedoutside the boiler, with which it communicates below the false bottom D,serves for introducing an additional quantity of coloring liquid duringthe operation.

Having now'described the different parts of the apparatus illustrated inFigs. 1 and 2, I will next describe the operation of dyeing inconjunction with the apparatus.

The boiler A is first filled up to a certain height with coloringliquid, an additional quantity of which may be introduced during theoperation through tube J. The materials to be dyed are firmly piled upon and around the movable parts comprising the false bottom D and the.two tubes E and G with the funnel H, after which the material is coveredwith the perforated cover I. Owing to the heat generated in thefire-place O, the coloring-liquid begins to boil and rises in the spacebetween the two tubes E and G, and, following the direction indicated byarrows, uniformly spreads and penetrates thematerial to be dyed up tothe cover I.

The funnel arranged at the upper end of the central tube G has for itsobject, first, to prevent any part of the coloring-liquid from fallingback through the center after having risen through the annular space,and toforce the coloring-liquid at its egress to spread around theexterior flange of the funnel, so as to more uniformly fall back intothe material to be dyed; second, to prevent any possibility ofreentrance of atmospheric air, to spread out the surface of theascendingliquid, to facilitate its passage through the material to bedyed and its absorption by the same. This rising of the liquid producesa suction under the false bottom D, and the coloringliquid spread inthis manner over the surface of the material passes uniformly throughthe same, giving up its coloring substances, and, owing to its weight,owing to the pressure imparted to it by the liquid remaining on thesurface of the material, and owing to the pressure of the atmosphere,the liquid gradually sinks to the bot tom of the boiler after passingthrough the holes of the false bottom 1).

By means of the frame or armature consisting of the posts a a andOIOSSbIllS, as described above, the movable part of the apparatuscomprising the above armature, the perforated false bottom, and theconcentric tubes may be lifted out of the boiler after attaching a chainto the eyelets of the posts a a and passing it over a Windlass.

Fig. 3 illustrates an apparatus designed for dyeing textile materials,especially combed wool in the form of bobbins. This apparatus comprises,similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1, a boiler, .A, with its bottom Bplaced over the fire-place G. This boiler incloses a series ofcylinders, L, which may be soldered and riveted at the upper end to theplate M, and at the lower end to a perforated false bottom,

N, held by a circular flange, h, fixed to the lower part of the boiler.The false bottom N is perforated at those parts which are situatedimmediately under the cylinders L. The cylinders L have at both endsflanges, which may be soldered or otherwise fixed to the upper plate, M,and to the false bottom N. The upper plate, M, is provided with aflange, A, which fits the interior wall of the boiler, but is notattached to the same.

In the center of the false bottom are situated, as in the apparatusrepresented on Fig. 1, two concentric tubes, E and G, the tube G beingalso provided at the upper end with a funnel, H. The outer tube, E, isjoined to the upper plate, M, by means of a flange-ring, 1", and fixedto the perforated false bottom in any suitable manner.

The central tube G may be fixed to the perforated false bottom in anysuitable way.

The two concentric tubes E and G are joined near their upper and lowerends by or channel irons serving not only to main tain the two tubesperfectly concentric, but also for attaching the hooks of a chain passing over a Windlass, and by means of which the movable part of theapparatus comprising the upper plate M, the cylinders L, the perforatedfalse bottom N, and the two concentric tubes E and G with their funnel,may be lifted out of the boiler.

Similar to the apparatus represented in Fig. 1, a pipe, J, having afunnel, K, terminates near the bottom of the boiler A, and serves forthe admission of coloring-liquid to the boiler.

Having now described the different parts of the apparatus illustrated inFigs. 3 and 4,

-I need only add that the method of operation of this apparatus is inprinciple the same as in the apparatus above described, and illustratedin Fig. 1, with the only difference that in this latter apparatus thematerials to be dyed are introduced in the shape of bobbins into thecylinders L, into which falls and through which passes thecoloring-liquid after rising through the annular space between the twoconcentric tubes E and G. The liquid passes through the bobbins formedof textile materials, giving up its coloring substances, and graduallysinks to the bottom of the boiler after passing through the holes of thefalse bottom N.

Fig. 5 represents the same funnel as that shown in Fig. 1, with thedifference that the former is closed at the lower end.

Fig. 6 represents a modification of the movable central part. of theapparatus, the

latter being provided with only one central tube, which carries at theupper end a circle, m, provided with a concentric ring, 02 serving toreceive the closed end of the funnel, which is made conical for thepurpose of facilitating the passage of the liquid. This arrangement, bypreventing the ingress of atmospheric air, and by spreading out theascending surface of the liquid, (thereby assisting the absorption ofthe liquid by the material to be treated,) produces the best results.

When using the apparatus represented in Fig. 3, I prefer in certaincases to cover each bobbin introduced in the cylinder with aperforatedplate, the diameter of which is from one totwo centimeters smaller thanthat of the cylinders L.

If desirable, the movable part of the apparatus comprising the upperplate, M, the cylinders L, and the tubes E and G,with the funnel H, maybe fixed, in which case the bobbins are removed from the cylinders bymeans of a perforated plate, 0, situated at the bottom of the cylindersL, and provided with rodsP, as illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8, thematerial being placed on these plates, and after treatment lifted out ofthe cylinders by means of the rods 1?.

I am aware of Patent No. 106,451, also of IIO cylinders surrounding saidtubes and having Patent No. 244,509, and disclaim the con- I removingapparatus consisting of the rodsP struction shown therein. P, united atthe bottom, and having the per- VVhat I claim isfora-ted disk 0, as setforth. 1. In a dyeing apparatus, the combination, In testimony whereof Ihave signed this I 5 5 with the fire-place, of a boiler provided withspecification in the presence of two subscribing one or more centralvertical tubes, having a witnesses. d1str1but1ng-funnel at the top, andvertical VAN SIMONIS.

perforated bottoms, as set forth. XVitnesses: [O 2. In an apparatus fordyeing, the combi- H. DOD'I,

nation, with the cylinders L L, of the fabric- E. N; KRIsOHER.

